Q1. List, describe, and provide an example of each of the five characteristics of high quality information.
-Accuracy is essential to ensure that the names, values or currency are entered correctly i.e. - spelling of complicated surnames?
-Completeness values must not be missing i.e. is the postcode recorded when writing an address down?
-Consistency the aggregate or summary of information should be easily comparable with the detailed information that is provided i.e. do all total fields equal the true total of individual fields?
-Uniqueness each value of transaction, entity and event must only be entered once in the information i.e. are there any duplicate customers?
-Timeless the information must be current with respect to the business requirements i.e. is information updated weekly, daily or hourly?
-Consistency the aggregate or summary of information should be easily comparable with the detailed information that is provided i.e. do all total fields equal the true total of individual fields?
-Uniqueness each value of transaction, entity and event must only be entered once in the information i.e. are there any duplicate customers?
-Timeless the information must be current with respect to the business requirements i.e. is information updated weekly, daily or hourly?
Q2. Define the relationship between a database and a database management systems
A database stores and maintains information about various types of objects, events, people as well as places.
A database management system (DMS) is the computer program that is used to manage and query a database and all its information
Q3. Describe the advantages an organisation can gain by using a database.
Advantages include:
- Increased flexibility
- Increased scalability and performance
- Reduced information redundancy
- Increased information integrity (or quality)
- Increased information security
Q4. Define the fundamental concepts of the relational database model.
A relational database is a type of database that stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables, without manipulation. Represents the relationship between the entities in the database.
- Entity – is a person, place, transaction or thing which information is stored. A table is a collection of similar entities
- Attributes – known as fields or columns that are characteristics or properties of an entity class
- Primary key – is either one field or a group of fields that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
- Foreign key – is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
Q5. Describe the benefits of a data-driven website.
A data-driven website is an interactive website that is constantly kept updated providing the relevant informational needs of the customers through the use of the database. When the site offers large amounts of information, products or services the sites are especially useful.
The advantages of a data driven website include:
- Development
- Content management
- Future expandability
- Minimising human error
- Cutting production cost
- More efficient
- Improved stability
Q6. Describe the roles and purposes of data warehouses and data marts in an organization.
Data Warehouse is a logical collection of information that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks. The information is gathered from many different operational databases. The sole purpose is to aggregate information throughout an organization in a way that employees can easily make decisions and undertake business analysis activities.
Data Marts contains a subset of data warehouse information. Data marts have more focused information subsets specific to the needs of a given business unit.
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